← Back To All Posts
Date:
April 16, 2021

Indian Supreme Court Asks Big Streamers to Review Content

The Justice for Rights Foundation, an Indian non-government organization (NGO), filed a plea “seeking regulation on the functioning of” over-the-top (OTT) platforms such as Netflix, Amazon Prime and Disney+ Hotstar, among others before the Supreme Court.

According to Business Insider , the NGO claimed that OTT series like “Sacred Games,” “Tandav,” and “A Suitable Boy” among other shows, “have allegedly hurt religious, social and regional sentiments of the public at large.” Even popular international shows “Game of Thrones” and “Spartacus” were called out as being too vulgar and pornographic to be viewed by a wider audience.

What Does This Mean?
Essentially, the Justice for Rights Foundation is seeking to curb streaming content that is “unregulated and uncertified” for general audiences. According to Inc. 42 , a three-judge bench led by Justice DY Chandrachud heard and discussed the filings made by the NGO regarding OTT regulations.

Along with the NGO’s plea , the apex court also heard the Indian government’s transfer petition plea that was initially filed back in Nov. 2020, to gather all OTT platform-related cases filed in various High Courts across the country and move them to the apex court.

Around 23 cases related to OTT content were heard throughout the Indian courts. By intending to transfer these to the Supreme Court, the government is trying to ensure that all cases are heard and that they do not end up clogging up the rest of the judicial system. This also means that whatever the Supreme Court ultimately decides, the other courts will have to comply.

Was a Decision Made?
After hearing the government and the NGO’s plea, the Supreme Court ordered a stay against all cases seeking OTT content regulation pending before multiple High Courts. The court will hear the proceedings for a similar case that is pending before it in the second week of April 2021, which is also when it will take a call on the transfer of all cases from the High Courts to the apex court.

What Are the Current Measures?
In response to the petition filed by the NGO, the government submitted an affidavit indicating the legal position governing OTT platforms: “There is a mechanism for regulation of the OTT Platforms under the provisions of the Information Technology Act, 2000 and the newly framed Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules 2021 notified February 25, 2021.”

While announcing these new IT Rules for OTT platforms and social media services, the Indian government outlined the “due diligence, grievance redressal and self-regulation measures.” It stated these new guidelines will pave the way for an Inter-Departmental Committee (IDC) comprised of representatives from various ministries, who will oversee complaints surrounding broadcast and online content. The IDC will be headed by an “authorized officer of the ministry” with powers to block specific content. All content must carry a classification certificate with one of the five ratings: U (Universal), U/A 7+, U/A 13+, U/A 16+, and A (Adult).

However, the plea filed by the Justice for Rights Foundation states that the new IT Rules are mere guidelines that lack an effective mechanism for their proper implementation, and do not provide for any penalty or punishment in case of violations. It also states that the effective regulation of content on OTT platforms sans legislation is not feasible.

What Do the Courts Think?
In a previous virtual hearing in early March regarding the denial of a pre-arrest bail plea filed by Amazon Prime’s Head of India Originals by the Allahabad High Court, another Supreme Court Justice Ashok Bhushan remarked that the new IT rules “lack teeth” as there is no provision for prosecution or fine, and the guidelines don’t do enough to keep a check on “pornographic” content.

The Supreme Court then made it amply clear that it was in favor of “screening” content shown on these platforms. It noted that, “Traditional film viewing has become extinct. Now films and web series are viewed by the public on these platforms. Should there not be some screening? We feel there should be some screening… There is pornography on some films.”

The defense counsel disputed the court’s opinion that pornographic content is screened on OTT platforms. “I can show you thousands of films, not even one of them has pornography,” senior advocate Mukul Rohatgi asserted.

Related Insights

Automating Peace of Mind: Navigating YouTube's Global Guidelines with SpherexAI

For media companies distributing content across YouTube, compliance is no longer just a legal requirement—it’s a prerequisite for discoverability, monetization, and channel survival. YouTube enforces strict policies governing child safety, vulgarity, graphic content, and cultural sensitivity. For content owners, ensuring compliance across multiple categories and geographies is a complex and labor-intensive process. To address this issue, SpherexAI provides a scalable solution tailored for any content creator or owner.

YouTube’s Expanding Compliance Landscape

YouTube’s Community Guidelines cover a wide array of regulated categories. Content can be removed or age-restricted—and creators may face penalties—if videos violate policies on:

  • Nudity and sexual content: Content that includes sexually gratifying imagery or non-consensual sexualization is prohibited.
  • Violence and graphic imagery: Footage showing serious injury, bodily fluids, or torture intended to shock viewers can be flagged or removed.
  • Child safety: Content that exploits minors, includes inappropriate family content, or features children in dangerous stunts is not allowed.
  • Illegal or regulated goods: YouTube restricts promotion of firearms, narcotics, and gambling services, among others.

Managing compliance with each of these categories—especially when content is global and multilingual—is a logistical challenge for distributors.

Enter SpherexAI: Precision Compliance Automation at Scale

SpherexAI applies multimodal AI to analyze video content across dialogue, visuals, audio, and metadata. It detects compliance issues not only by scanning for policy violations but also by identifying subtle cultural or regional sensitivities that could result in content removal or limited distribution.

For example, the platform flags:

  • Dialogue with excessive profanity or sexual references, aligned with YouTube’s vulgar language policy.
  • Visuals showing partial nudity, firearm use, or dangerous stunts, which may trigger strikes or age restrictions.
  • Culturally sensitive depictions—such as religious imagery or portrayals of death—that may violate local norms and platform rules.

SpherexAI outputs include timestamped alerts and severity levels, allowing content owners to make targeted edits rather than performing full manual reviews.

Equal Rules for All Creators

Whether you’re a major studio releasing film clips or a digital-first creator uploading your first series, YouTube holds all content publishers to the same standards. Community Guidelines are enforced platform-wide, regardless of a channel’s size, history, or market familiarity.

This presents a significant challenge for new entrants. Many first-time creators or distributors may be unaware that a thumbnail featuring misleading imagery, a prank involving minors, or a scene with unedited drug references can lead to demonetization or a channel strike. But YouTube’s enforcement is uniform: content that violates policy is subject to the same sanctions across the board.

SpherexAI helps level the playing field by equipping every content team—regardless of experience—with access to the same tools used by top studios. Its patented knowledge graph, built on over a decade of regulatory insight and expert human annotation, powers its AI models with unmatched precision. The result: faster reviews, greater accuracy, and fewer costly mistakes.

Cross-Platform, Region-Aware, and Regulation-Ready

Unlike tools focused on metadata or age ratings alone, SpherexAI delivers:

  • Granular analysis: Scene-by-scene breakdowns for violence, vulgarity, sexual content, and self-harm risks.
  • Cultural intelligence: Predictive models assess content suitability across 240+ territories using Spherex’s proprietary “cultural distance” framework.
  • Workflow integration: The platform’s API allows integration into existing supply chains and CMS platforms for automated review at scale.

Reducing Risk, Unlocking Revenue

YouTube’s monetization eligibility hinges on content safety. Channels can be demonetized or de-prioritized in search and recommendation if flagged for repeated violations. Well-known creators Logan Paul, ScreenCulture, and LH Studios have all been sanctioned for violations. By proactively identifying and resolving compliance issues before publishing, SpherexAI empowers content owners to:

  • Avoid strikes or takedowns
  • Retain monetization rights
  • Accelerate time-to-market
  • Protect brand reputation

Conclusion

YouTube is a dynamic platform for global content distribution that requires rigorous adherence to evolving content standards. For studios, broadcasters, and new creators alike, SpherexAI offers an AI-powered safety net automating policy compliance while preserving creative integrity. When SpherexAI is integrated into your production workflow, you can publish confidently at scale, with full compliance, and with no brand risk.

Ready to streamline compliance and expand your YouTube strategy globally?

Book a demo or visit spherex.com to learn how SpherexAI can support your team.

Read Now

Spherex CEO Teresa Phillips Talks Practical AI for Global Content Localization at EnTech Fest

At this year’s DEG EnTech Fest, Spherex CEO and Co-Founder Teresa Phillips joined a panel to explore one of the most practical and impactful uses of AI in entertainment today: localization.

During the session titled “Practical AI For Speed and Savings in Localization,” Phillips shared how Spherex is leveraging AI to deliver “deep video understanding” that accelerates compliance and rating decisions in over 200 markets. As she explained, understanding the context—cultural, visual, and narrative—is crucial in determining whether a piece of content is suitable for audiences worldwide.

“AI can now detect not just what happens in a scene, but how it might be interpreted in different cultural and regulatory environments,” said Phillips. For example, in Scandinavian countries, if a trusted figure, such as a clergy member, commits an unethical act onscreen, it can dramatically impact a film’s age rating. SpherexAI is trained to identify these nuanced moments, flagging them for human review when needed.

Phillips also highlighted the role of AI in augmenting human decision-making, noting that “AI agents can be trained to ask humans the right questions—like whether the drinking in a scene is casual or excessive—ensuring more consistent, scalable evaluations.”

The conversation also acknowledged the broader industry shift that AI is bringing to localization workflows—from quality control (QC) to artwork generation, compliance, and project management. With automation poised to displace some entry-level roles, Phillips raised a key question for the future: “If junior roles are the first to be automated, how do we bring new talent into the industry? We have a responsibility in our organizations to create opportunities for the next generation.”

Joining Phillips on the panel were Silviu Epure (Blu Digital Group), Chris Carey (Iyuno), Kelly Summers (The Sherlock Company), and Duncan Wain (Zoo Digital), offering a 360° view on how AI is transforming the way stories cross borders.

Read Now

Why Content Differentiation Matters More Than Ever

In today’s fragmented global media landscape, a one-size-fits-all approach no longer works. Media companies face increasing pressure to tailor their content strategies to suit diverse regulatory standards, cultural norms, and viewer expectations.To thrive, they must adopt a new mindset—content differentiation—as both a business imperative and a competitive advantage.

What Is Content Differentiation?

Content differentiation is the strategic process of customizing how media is packaged, presented, and monetized based on the context in which it is distributed. Unlike basic content localization, which focuses mainly on language and format adjustments, content differentiation goes deeper. It aligns content with the regulatory, cultural, and commercial realities of each market, platform, and audience.

The goal is to ensure that content resonates locally while maintaining global scale. Differentiation helps media companies maximize reach, reduce regulatory risk, and improve monetization—all without compromising creative intent.

Why It’s Needed Now
  • Regulatory Complexity: Governments are tightening rules around age ratings, depictions of violence, sexuality, religion, and topics of national interest. These laws vary widely across regions, creating a compliance minefield for global distributors.
  • Cultural Expectations: What works in one market can trigger backlash in another. Cultural nuances—around gender roles, family dynamics, or social taboos—shape how content is perceived and whether it’s embraced or rejected. In many cases, outdated depictions of identity, relationships, or social dynamics can resurface as flashpoints when content is distributed years later in new markets.
  • The Importance of Metadata: Streaming platforms now host massive libraries with considerable overlap in titles across services. In this environment, having accurate, detailed metadata—including production details, talent, , and advanced descriptors—is critical for making content discoverable, marketable, and ultimately profitable. Without it, even high-quality content risks being overlooked.
Meeting the Challenge with SpherexAI

Solving these challenges requires more than manual review or basic tagging—it demands a scalable, intelligent system that understands both the content itself and its contextual significance. That’s where SpherexAI comes in.

SpherexAI is a high-fidelity metadata platform built to help media and entertainment companies implement content differentiation at scale. Using multimodal AI, it analyzes every frame of video—evaluating visuals, audio, dialogue, and on-screen text—to generate rich, actionable metadata that informs compliance decisions, discovery, and monetization.

SpherexAI extends beyond basic content tagging. It analyzes material against global regulatory requirements, identifies cultural nuances and sensitivities, and detects potential risks prior to distribution. Additionally, it enhances content visibility in crowded platform environments by enriching metadata with precise descriptors, scene-level details, emotional tone analysis, and contextual insights—elements that improve content discovery and ad targeting.

Learn More

If you're ready to differentiate your content for every audience, platform, and region, SpherexAI can help. Contact us to schedule a demo or speak with our team about how metadata-driven intelligence can power your global strategy.

Read Now